| Question | Answer |
| celi/o | belly; abdomen |
| cheil/o | lip |
| amyl/o | starch |
| bil/i | gall; bile |
| chol/e | gall; bile |
| chlorhydr/o | hydrochloric acid |
| lith/o | stone |
| steat/o | fat |
| -ase | enzyme |
| -chezia | defecation; elimination of wastes |
| -iasis | abnormal condition |
| -prandial | meal |
| an/o | anus |
| append/o | appendix |
| appendic/o | appendix |
| bucc/o | cheek |
| cec/o | cecum |
| cholecyst/o | gall bladder |
| choledoch/o | common bile duct |
| col/o | colon |
| dent/i | tooth |
| duoden/o | duodeneum |
| enter/o | intestines |
| esophag/o | esophagus |
| faci/o | face |
| gastr/o | stomach |
| gingiv/o | gums |
| gloss/o | tongue |
| hepat/o | liver |
| ile/o | ileum |
| jejun/o | jejum |
| labi/o | lip |
| lapar/o | abdominal wall |
| lingu/o | tongue |
| mandibul/o | mandible |
| odont/o | tooth |
| or/o | mouth |
| palat/o | palate |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| peritone/o | peritoneum |
| pharyng/o | pharynx (throat) |
| proct/o | anus and rectum |
| pylor/o | pyloric sphincter |
| rect/o | rectum |
| sialaden/o | salivary gland |
| sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon |
| stomat/o | mouth |
| uvul/o | uvula |
| bilirubin/o | bilirubin |
| gluc/o | sugar |
| glycogen/o | glycogen, animal starch |
| lip/o | fat; lipid |
| prote/o | protein |
| sial/o | saliva, salivary |
| Passage of materials through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream | absorption |
| Building blocks of proteins, produced when proteins are digested | amino acids |
| Enzyme secreted by the pancreas to digest starch | amylase |
| Opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body | anus |
| Blind pouch hanging from the cecum; RLQ | appendix |
| Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder. It breaks up (emulsifies) large fat globules | bile |
| Pigment released by the liver in bile | bilirubin |
| First part of the large intestine | cecum |
| Carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum | common bile duct |
| First part of the small intestine; measures 12" long | duodenum |
| Small sac under the liver | gallbladder |
| Simple sugar | glucose |
| Starch; glucose is stored in the form of this in the liver cells | glycogen |
| Third part of the small intestine, often the area of obstruction | ileum |
| Hormone produced by the endocrine cells of the pancreas. It transports sugar from the blood into cells and stimulates glycogen formation by the liver | insulin |
| Second part of the small intestine | jejunum |
| Pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats | lipase |
| A large organ in the RUQ. Secretes bile, stores sugar, iron, vitamins, produces blood proteins and destroys worn out RBC's. Normally weighs 2 1/2-3 # | liver |
| Ring of muscles between the esophagus and the stomach. AKA cardiac sphincter | lower esophageal sphincter |
| Organ under the stomach; produces insulin and enzymes | pancreas |
| Salivary gland within the cheek; just anterior to the ear | parotid gland |
| Throat, the common passageway for food from the mouth and for air from the nose | pharynx |
| Large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines | portal vein |
| Ring of muscle at the end of the stomach, near the duodenum | pyloric sphincter |
| Distal region of the stomach, opening to the duodenum | pyloris |
| Parotid, sublingual and submandibular glands | salivary glands |
| Forth and last s-shaped segment of the colon | sigmoid colon |
| Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus | viral hepatitis |
| Inflammation of the pancreas | pancreatitis |
| Chronic degenerative disease of the liver | cirrhosis |
| Gallstones in the gallbladder | cholelithiasis |
| Twisting of the intestines on itself | volvulus |
| Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers | ulcerative colitis |
| Group of gastraintestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension | irritable bowel syndrome-IBS |
| Telescoping of the intestines | intussusception |
| Failure of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines | ileus |
| Swollen, twisted varicose veins of the rectal region | hemorrhoids |
| Painful, inflamed intestines | dysentery |
| Abnormal side pockets in the intestinal wall | diverticulosis |
| Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract | crohn's disease |
| Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both | colorectal cancer |
| Polyps protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon | colonic polyposis |
| Abnormal tube-like passage way near the anus | anal fistula |
| Open sore or lesion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum | peptic ulcer |
| Protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle that normally contains it | hernia |
| Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach | gastroesophageal reflux disease-GERD |
| Malignant tumor of the stomach | gastric carcinoma |
| Swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus | esophageal varices |
| Failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax | achalasia |
| Inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone | periodontal disease |
| White plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth | oral leukoplakia |
| Inflammation of the mouth by infection with the herpes virus | herpetic stomatitis |
| Tooth decay | dental caries |
| Inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers | aphthous stomatitis |
| Fat in the feces; froth, foul-smelling fecal matter | steatorrhea |
| Unpleasant sensation in the stomach associated with a tendency to vomit | nausea |
| Black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood | melena |
| Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood | jaundice |
| Passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum | hematochezia |
| Gas expelled through the anus | flatus |
| Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth | eructation |
| Difficulty in swallowing | dysphagia |
| Frequent passage of loose, watery stools | diarrhea |
| Difficulty in passing stools | constipation |
| Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas, fluid or both in the GI tract | borborygmus |
| Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen | ascites |
| lack of appetite | anorexia |
| The combining form eti/o means: A. cause B. disease C. beginning D. condition | A |
| Mr. Wayne is scheduled to have a visual examination of the distal end of his descending colon that leads into the rectum. This procedure is called a ____scopy. A. sigmoid/o B. jejun/o C. colon/o D. cecum/o | A |
| The medical term for gallstones is: A. calcia B. calcium C. calculi D. calculus | C |
| What is the term for a failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax? A. achalasia B. GERD C. esophageal varices D. borborygmus | A |
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